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XI век: 1070—1079 годы
1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079
1050-е 1060-е 1070-е 1080-е 1090-е

Важнейшие события

Битва при Манцикерте (1071)^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] — крупное поражение Византийской империи сельджукам. Пленен император Роман IV Диоген.
Норманны покорили Палермо (1072; Норманнское завоевание Южной Италии).
Саксонское восстание в Священной Римской империи (1073—1075).
Мятеж трёх графов в Англии (1075).
Борьба за инвеституру (1075—1122; Григорий VII; Генрих IV).
Конийский султанат (1077—1307).
Битва на Нежатиной Ниве (1078), поражение Великого князя Изяслава Ярославича.

Культура

Ван-Мьеу (1070; «Храм литературы» во Вьетнаме).

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:1070-%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B'>1070-е годы</a>

Примечания

↑ The Cambridge Medieval History. — Cambridge University Press, 1986. — Т. 6. — С. 791.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In 1071, five years after Hastings, the Byzantine army, the oldest and best trained military force in Europe, was destroyed in battle with the Seljuq Turks at Manzikert in Armenia.
↑ Steven Runciman. A History of the Crusades. — Cambridge University Press, 1987. — Т. 1. — С. 62—63.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

With this large but untrustworthy army Romanus set out in the spring of 1071 to reconquer Armenia. As he was leaving the capital the news came through from Italy that Bary, the last Byzantine possession in the peninsula, had fallen to the Normans.
The chroniclers tell in tragic detail of the Emperor's march eastward along the great Byzantine military road. His intention was to capture and garrison the Armenian fortresses before the Turkish army should come up from the south. Alp Arslan was in Syria, near Aleppo, when he heard of the Byzantine advance. He realized how vital was the challenge; and he hurried northward to meet the Emperor. Romanus entered Armenia along the southern branch of the upper Euphrates. Near Manzikert he divided his forces.
↑ Hans Delbrück. Medieval Warfare: History of the Art of War. — University of Nebraska Press, 1990. — Т. 3.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In the battle of Manzikert, or Malasgard, in Armenia, the Seljuk Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanus
↑ Paul Wittek. Rise of the Ottoman Empire / Edited by Colin Heywood. — Routledge, 2013. — С. 45.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

The fate of Anatolia was decided in 1071 by the battle of Manzikert, in the highlands of Armenia, where the Seljuk sultan Alp Arslan inflicted an overwhelming defeat on the Byzantine army and took the emperor prisoner.
↑ Marcia L. Colish. The Mirror of Language (Revised Edition): A Study of the Medieval Theory of Knowledge. — U of Nebraska Press, 1983. — С. 198.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In the battle of Manzikert, or Malasgard, in Armenia, the Seljuk Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanus IV, took him prisoner, and destroyed most of the Byzantine army. As a result of this battle, the Turks won Asia Minor.

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[1] The Cambridge Medieval History. — Cambridge University Press, 1986. — Т. 6. — С. 791.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In 1071, five years after Hastings, the Byzantine army, the oldest and best trained military force in Europe, was destroyed in battle with the Seljuq Turks at Manzikert in Armenia.

[2] Steven Runciman. A History of the Crusades. — Cambridge University Press, 1987. — Т. 1. — С. 62—63.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

With this large but untrustworthy army Romanus set out in the spring of 1071 to reconquer Armenia. As he was leaving the capital the news came through from Italy that Bary, the last Byzantine possession in the peninsula, had fallen to the Normans.
The chroniclers tell in tragic detail of the Emperor's march eastward along the great Byzantine military road. His intention was to capture and garrison the Armenian fortresses before the Turkish army should come up from the south. Alp Arslan was in Syria, near Aleppo, when he heard of the Byzantine advance. He realized how vital was the challenge; and he hurried northward to meet the Emperor. Romanus entered Armenia along the southern branch of the upper Euphrates. Near Manzikert he divided his forces.

[3] Hans Delbrück. Medieval Warfare: History of the Art of War. — University of Nebraska Press, 1990. — Т. 3.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In the battle of Manzikert, or Malasgard, in Armenia, the Seljuk Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanus

[4] Paul Wittek. Rise of the Ottoman Empire / Edited by Colin Heywood. — Routledge, 2013. — С. 45.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

The fate of Anatolia was decided in 1071 by the battle of Manzikert, in the highlands of Armenia, where the Seljuk sultan Alp Arslan inflicted an overwhelming defeat on the Byzantine army and took the emperor prisoner.

[5] Marcia L. Colish. The Mirror of Language (Revised Edition): A Study of the Medieval Theory of Knowledge. — U of Nebraska Press, 1983. — С. 198.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)

In the battle of Manzikert, or Malasgard, in Armenia, the Seljuk Sultan Alp Arslan defeated Emperor Romanus IV, took him prisoner, and destroyed most of the Byzantine army. As a result of this battle, the Turks won Asia Minor.